Tarakan according to folklore comes from Tidung "Tarak" (met) and "Ngakan" (eat) which literally means "Place of the fishermen to take a break to eat, meet and make exchanges with other fishermen catch. In addition Tarakan is also a meeting place Kayan River estuary flows, Sesayap and Malinau. [1]Oil drilling by Bataafsche Petroleum Maatschappij on the island of Tarakan (years 1920-1940)Soldiers of the battalion convoy carrying ke-2/48 watch them to TarakanTarakan Air Field 2 weeks after occupied. Look deep perforation.-Australia Joint patrol in a remote part of the Dutch East Indies TarakanBeaches where Allied forces landed at Tarakan on 1 May 1945 [2]Brigadier D.A. Whitehead (Commander birade 26, pipe tobacco) with Lieutenant General Leslie Morshead[Edit] Age of Empire Tidung
Tidung kingdom [3] or also known by the name of the Kingdom of Tarakan (Kalkan / Kalka) is the kingdom who ruled Tidung Tribe in northern East Kalimantan, which is located on the island of Tarakan and ends at Salimbatu. Previously there were two kingdoms in this region, in addition to the Kingdom Tidung, there are Bulungan Sultanate, located in Tanjung Palas. Based on the genealogy (Genealogy), which is that dipesisir east of Tarakan Island in the hamlet Binalatung existing Tidung Ancient Empire (The Ancient Kingdom of Tidung), roughly the years 1076-1156, then moved to the southern coast of the island of Tarakan in the Tanjung Batu in the years 1156-1216, then moved again to the west of the Field River area approximately in the years 1216-1394, after which it moved again, which is relatively far from the island of Tarakan to Pimping the western region and the Yellow Land area, circa 1394 -1557.
From the narrations contained among Tidung of the kingdom has ever seen and arguably the oldest in the history of others is at the River Menjelutung Sesayap with the last king named Benayuk. The end of the Empire era Menjelutung because overwritten noisy havoc in the form of rain and a very powerful hurricane that resulted in settlements in situ collapse and sink into the water (river) follows its citizens. These events are called Gasab Tidung among the later rise to various myths about Benayuk of Menjelutung.
Obtained from several sources about the history of the reign of Benayuk that lasted about 35 seasons. The calculation is based on the season a matter of days the moon (full moon) that in one season there were 12 full moon. From that then count the season more or less comparable with the year of the Hijra. When coupled with a history of several prominent leaders (King) that can be known long reign and its links with Benayuk, then estimated at Menjelutung tragedy occurred at the beginning of the eleventh century the surrounding areas. Interest groups in the time of the Kingdom Menjelutung Tidung as what is not yet present there, as it is known that among the tribe Tidung in East Kalimantan, now there are 4 (four) Tidung dialect groups, namely:
Dialect discussed Tidung Malinau
Sembakung Tidung dialect.
Dialect discussed Tidung Sesayap.
Dialect commonly discussed Tidung Tarakan also called Tidung Landmark mostly live in saltwater areas.
Of the several dialects of language Tidung a community group following a socio-cultural environment of each, then surely the groups have referred to their respective leaders. As was reported later that after the kingdom collapsed Menjelutung Benayuk in the offspring of survivors and their citizens to move and spread later to build new settlements. One of the descendants Benayuk Kayam named as leader of the settlement in Linuang Kayam (Village of the Kayam) which is the forerunner of leaders (kings) in Barren Island, Sembakung and Lumbis.
Here are the kings who once headed the Kingdom Tidung:
Benayuk of river Sesayap, Menjelutung (The Government of ± 35 Season)
Yamus (Si Amus) (The Government of ± 44 Season)
Ibugang (Aki Bugang)
Itara (Approximately 29 seasons)
Ikurung (Approximately 25 seasons)
Ikarang (Approximately 35 seasons), in Tanjung Batu (Tarakan).
Authorship (Approximately Season)
Ibidang (Approximately Season)
Bengawan (Approximately 44 seasons)
Itambu (Approximately 20 seasons)
Aji Beruwing Sakti (Approximately 30 seasons)
Aji Surya Shakti (Approximately 30 seasons)
Aji Pengiran Kungun (Approximately 25 seasons)
Pengiran Tempuad (Approximately 34 seasons)
Aji IRAM Sakti (Approximately 25 seasons) in Pimping, Bulungan
Aji Baran Sakti (Approximately 20 seasons).
Datoe Mancang (Approximately 49 seasons)
Abang Lemanak (Approximately 20 seasons), the westerlies, Bulungan
Ikenawai title Queen Sari Ulam (Approximately 15 seasons)
[Edit] Dynasty Era Landmark
Landmark dynasty that everything starts in the year 1557-1916 AD, the dynasty was first led by Amiril Rasyd degree Datoe Radja Laoet in 1557 AD and ended at the time led by Datoe Fair in 1916, Dynasty is located in the region Pamusian Landmark, Central Tarakan
Here are the kings that ever came to power in Dynasty Landmark:
Amiril Rasyd degree Datoe Laoet Radja (1557-1571)
Amiril Pengiran Dipati I (1571-1613)
Amiril Pengiran Laoet Lion (1613-1650)
Amiril Pengiran Maharajalila I (1650-1695)
Amiril Pengiran Maharajalila II (1695-1731)
Amiril Pengiran Dipati II (1731-1765)
Amiril Pengiran Maharajadinda (1765-1782)
Amiril Pengiran Maharajalila III (1782-1817)
Amiril Tadjoeddin (1817-1844)
Amiril Pengiran Djamaloel Kiram (1844-1867)
Diamond Ratoe Doera / Datoe Maoelana (1867-1896), his net Datoe Datoe Maoelana was the son of Sultan Muhammad Bulungan Kaharuddin (II)
Datoe Fair (1896-1916)
[Edit] The era of the Dutch East Indies
Somewhat disturbed the peace of the local community when in 1896, a Dutch oil company, BPM (Bataavishe Petroleum Maatchapij) discovered the existence of oil resources in the island. Much labor was imported mainly from the island of Java with the increase in drilling activity. Given the function and development of this region, in 1923 the Dutch East Indies government felt the need to place a Resident Assistant on the island is in charge of 5 (five) areas, namely: Cape Selor, Tarakan, Malinau, Apau Kayan and Berau. But in the post independence, the Government of Indonesia felt the need to change the status kewedanan Tarakan Tarakan be in accordance with Keppress District No. RI. 22 of 1963.[Edit] Era of Japanese Occupation
At the time of the Allied landings, the Japanese forces at Tarakan numbered 2,200 people who were brought from the Imperial Japanese Army and Imperial Japanese Navy. The biggest unit is the Independent Infantry Battalion 455 to 740 person-strong lead by Major Tadai Tokoi. AD 150 support troops are also in Tarakan. Donations to the garrison Tarakan AL is composed of 980 sailors commanded by Commander Kaoru Kaharu. The main marine unit is Navy Marine garrison to a magnitude-2 600 people. This marine unit trained to fight as infantry and operates several coastal defense guns. 350 oil workers are also expected to fight the Japanese civilians during attacks on Allies. Forces Japan including about 50 people in Indonesia who served in the central guard unit. Major Tokoi Tarakan directs the overall defense, although the relationship between AL and AD worse. [4]
Force Japan centered around Lingkas, the main port of Tarakan and where the only beach suitable for landing troops. [5] The defense had spent several months before the attacks that make up a defensive position and planting mines. [6] Defense set it a lot used during the battle, the Japanese tactics that focused on the defensive a strong pre-preparation. Japan did not do any major counter-attack, and most of the attacking movement is limited to a few parties attackers who tried to infiltrate Australian lines. [7]
Getting the Tarakan oilfield is the original purpose of the Japanese during the Pacific War. Japanese attack on Tarakan on January 11, 1942 and defeated the small Dutch garrison in a battle that lasted for two days in which half of the Dutch troops fall. When the Tarakan oilfield successfully sabotaged by the Netherlands before his surrender, the Japanese could quickly fix it in order to produce more and 350,000 barrels are produced each month from the beginning of 1944. [8]
Following submission of the Netherlands, 5,000 residents Tarakan was suffering due to the policy of the Japanese occupation. The number of Japanese troops stationed on the island resulted in the circumcision of food and as a result many people are malnourished Tarakan. During the occupation, the Japanese brought around 600 workers to Tarakan from Java. Japan also forced about 300 women to work as a Java "Comfort women" (female entertainer) in New York City after persuading them with false promises to get work as a clerk and making clothing. [9]
Tarakan importance for Japan to move forward more quickly evaporate Allied forces into the area. Japanese oil tanker last one left Tarakan in July 1944, and the great Allied air attacks in the years that destroyed oil production and storage facilities on the island. [10] This attack also killed several hundred civilians Indonesia. [11] In line by diminishing its importance, the Japanese garrison on Tarakan was reduced in early 1945 when one of two infantry battalion stationed in the island (Independent Infantry Battalion to-454) is pulled to Balikpapan. This battalion was destroyed by the 7th Australian Division in July during the Battle of Balikpapan. [12][Edit] Era of Independence
Strategic location and position have been able to make Tarakan district as one of the centers of industry in the northern part of East Kalimantan region so that the government needs to improve the status of a City Administrative accordance with Government Regulation no. 47 of 1981.
City status was upgraded to Municipal Administrative again based on Law No. RI. 29 In 1997 the inaugural done directly by the Secretary of State on December 15, 1997, also marking the anniversary date as the City of Tarakan.
images: book " tarakan pearl harbour indonesia"
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